Acute prostatitis is an inflammatory disease, most often of an infectious nature, which is accompanied by swelling and the formation of ulcers in the tissues of the organ of the same name. Previously it was thought that they primarily affect older men, but studies show that the pathology has noticeably "rejuvenated". And now prostatitis occurs in middle-aged patients.
In the treatment it is allowed to use not only medicines, but also folk remedies in consultation with a specialist.
Causes of pathology
Acute prostatitis is diagnosed in 30-50% of men, mostly at the most productive age, ie between 30 and 50 years. This inflammation leads to:
- erectile dysfunction;
- Infertility;
- Depression.
The causative agents of the disease are mainly nonspecific infectious agents. These are pathogenic microorganisms such as E. coli, staphylococci, streptococci, etc. But sometimes acute prostatitis is caused by other pathogens associated with sexually transmitted diseases - chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis. Often the cause is a conditionally pathogenic microflora - Candida fungi (Candida).
The main reasons for the development of prostatitis are reduced to the penetration of infections, most often by the transcanalicular route. This happens through the ducts of the prostate. Since they open in the wall of the posterior urethra, the development of prostatitis is influenced by the presence of a disease such as urethritis.
Acute cystitis (inflammation of the bladder caused by bacteria) is rare in men. But if so, then in such cases the prostate suffers, into which the pathogenic microflora enters. The introduction of bacteria into the organ occurs much faster if at the same time there are pathologies - stones in the urethra, creating increased intraurethral pressure.
Sometimes, as a result of the penetration of an infection into the bloodstream, an inflammatory process can occur, since the prostate is supplied with blood with the help of a developed arterial and venous network. This happens when there are chronic foci of inflammation in the body, but they have nothing to do with the prostate. Infections are transmitted by the hematogenous route with sinusitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis and even tooth decay.
The presence of cholecystitis (gallbladder disease) also causes the development of acute prostatitis. Sometimes lymphatic transmission of the infection from the intestine is also possible (in proctitis and colitis).
Non-infectious factors in the development of prostatitis - the presence of congestion in the vessels of the pelvis, irregular sex life and its violations. Including prostatitis is possible in men who practice coitus interruptus.
The factors provoking the disease are:
- sedentary lifestyle;
- indigestion (mainly frequent constipation);
- hypothermia and decreased immunity;
- phlebeurysm;
- excessive alcohol consumption.
basic forms
There are three forms of the disease:
- catarrhal. The ducts of the prostate glands are mainly inflamed, but there are no changes at the macro level. In the ducts themselves, dystrophic processes of the skin epithelium are observed, slight swelling occurs in the stroma, the vessels are plethoric.
- Follicle. Both the reverse development of the process and its increase are possible, when prostatitis turns into a follicular form, and the inflammatory process already affects the tissue of the prostate gland. The body increases in size, becomes flabby. Focal infiltrates appear around the canals.
- parenchyma. The most severe stage of the disease. With it, the inflammatory process affects the entire gland, an abscess is formed. If the disease progresses unfavorably, it can open and pus can get into the intestine, bladder and urethra.
symptoms
Common signs are disturbances in urination, pain and signs of intoxication - weakness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and other unpleasant phenomena that cause discomfort.
The remaining symptoms of acute prostatitis correspond to the stages of development of the process:
| stage | symptoms |
|---|---|
| catarrhal | The first signs are a feeling of heaviness and pain in the perineum. There are dysuric disorders, that is, disorders in urination, its increase, the appearance of pain or pain with it. Body temperature mostly remains normal, sometimes it rises slightly. Diagnosis at this stage involves examining prostatic secretions. It can indicate an increase in the number of leukocytes, the presence of mucopurulent threads. Urinalysis shows an increase in leukocytes. At this stage, due to pain, prostate massage is not prescribed. But drug treatment allows you to get rid of the pathology in 7-10 days. |
| follicle | The symptoms will be more pronounced. This stage is accompanied by dull pains, which are localized in the perineum, but can also be transferred to the anus, rectum or lumbar region. Urinating becomes so painful that urinary retention is possible. Difficult to pass stool, also because of severe pain. The body temperature rises to 38 degrees, the general state of health deteriorates. The patient experiences:
|
| parenchyma | With acute parenchymal prostatitis, the temperature rises to 39 degrees. There is a fever or chills. Urination can be rapid, but most often it is difficult to the point of stopping completely, as attempts to empty the bladder are accompanied by severe pain. Flatulence appears, digestion is disturbed, constipation occurs. Pain is felt in the rectum. From pain they turn into throbbing. A person tries to find a position in which he does not feel pain (most often when lying with his legs drawn up). In the acute form of prostatitis, the prostate enlarges and swells. There may be white or yellowish-green discharge from the urethra |
The consequences of acute prostatitis can be sepsis (general blood poisoning), cystitis or kidney infection. If the disease develops with such complications, the patient must be hospitalized. But in mild cases, the pathology can be treated at home.
treatment
Therapy of acute prostatitis should be comprehensive. Treatment involves eliminating the cause of the disease, that is, pathogenic microorganisms. In such cases, antibiotics are used, their combination, since one drug rarely gives the desired effect.
With timely treatment, the symptoms quickly disappear, in just a few days. However, the doctor prescribes a course for at least 4 weeks to completely cleanse the body of harmful bacteria, prevent recurrence and the transition of the process to a chronic form.
Antibiotics are prescribed only according to the results of tests that revealed the causative agent of the disease and its resistance to certain drugs. Other factors are also taken into account. For example, drugs from the group of aminoglycosides and beta-lactams do not penetrate well into the tissues of the prostate.
Antibiotics from the group of fluoroquinolones and macrolides have a higher penetrating power.
But not only the ability to penetrate is important, but also the strength of the bactericidal effect. Therefore, macrolides and other means are sometimes prescribed. Forms of release of such drugs can be different.
Candles are rarely used. In severe cases of the disease, intravenous administration of antibiotics is indicated (even in the hospital). In mild cases, treatment is carried out on an outpatient basis, the patient takes pills at home.
Analgesics and anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs are used to relieve pain. They lower the temperature, but sometimes additional antipyretics are prescribed. If the pain is severe, short-term use of opiates is practiced.
In the treatment of acute prostatitis, an important role is played by drinking plenty of fluids, preferably cranberry juice or rosehip broth, to flush the urinary tract, reduce intoxication and prevent the development of cystitis and pyelonephritis. Light laxatives such as petroleum jelly oil are used.
For problems urinating, antispasmodics and alpha-blockers may be prescribed.
Take muscle relaxants for muscle spasms.
home remedies
Treatment of the disease with folk remedies is possible only as an additional therapy that enhances the effect of taking medication.
A popular folk remedy is pumpkin seeds. They have been shown to contain a lot of zinc, which has an anti-inflammatory effect. To get the right dose of this substance, it is enough to eat 30 g of peeled raw seeds once a day before meals.
You can make a mixture of pumpkin seeds (just not fried) and honey:
- Twist 500 g of cleaned raw materials with a meat grinder or blender.
- Do not add a jar to runny honey.
- Mix thoroughly until the consistency is such that the mixture can be formed into walnut-sized balls.
The product is stored in the refrigerator. During the day you need to eat 1-2 of these balls half an hour before meals. The medicine must be chewed thoroughly and not swallowed immediately.